IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE: Pursuant to requirements imposed by the Internal Revenue Service, any tax advice contained in this communication (including any attachments) is not intended to be used, and cannot be used, for purposes of avoiding penalties imposed under the United States Internal Revenue Code or promoting, marketing, or recommending to another person any tax-related matter. Please contact us if you wish to have formal written advice on this matter. We are not providing individual financial advice, and this is not a suggestion or solicitation to purchase any securities or make any specific investment decisions.